Coronavirus politics: The comparative politics and policy of COVID‐19

This 654-page tome might be the most comprehensive look to date at how various governments - nearly 40 in all - have sought to respond to the COVID-19 pandemic during its first 10 months, from December 2019 to September 2020. The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with an immense growth in scientific literature, with more than 700,000 scientists publishing well over 300,000 items related to COVID-19 by the summer of 2021. Time and time again, from place to place, the COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated that extensive public health expertise from an advisory agency meant relatively little if such counsel was discounted by politicians and public health agencies lacking their own decision-making powers. [Extracted from the article] Copyright of World Medical & Health Policy is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

EVOLVING CHARACTERISTICS OF COVID-19 INPATIENTS AT AN AUSTRALIAN CENTRE

Since the declaration of the global pandemic in March 2020, the novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has caused dynamic pressures on healthcare systems worldwide. This study aims to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 at a single centre in Sydney, Australia. Using the clinical coding data, we identified all patients aged > 16 years admitted to our centre between February 1st, 2020, and March 31st, 2022. We categorised the time periods 'pre-delta' (February 1st, 2020 – June 15th, 2021), 'delta' (June 16th, 2021 – November 25th, 2021), and 'omicron' (November 26th, 2021 – March 31st, 2022). We retrospectively extracted the demographic, administrative, and clinical data from the electronic medical records and performed a descriptive analysis of the data. A total of 1842 patients were identified (pre-delta N=18;delta N=788;omicron N=1036). The percentage of male patients was 83%, 54%, and 56% and the median ages at admission were 55, 49, and 70 years during the pre-delta, delta, and omicron periods, respectively. The median length of hospital stay was the longest during the pre-delta period (8.5 days vs. 7 vs. 6). ICU admission rate was 39%, 21%, and 10% for each period and of the ICU-admitted patients 43%, 40%, and 36% respectively required mechanical ventilation. Inhospital mortality was the highest during the omicron period (pre-delta inhospital mortality 5.6%;delta 4.1%;omicron 7.3%). A total of 219 (28%) patients of delta and 185 (18%) of omicron periods received at least one dose of dexamethasone and 175 (22%) and 44 (4.2%) respectively received at least one dose of remdesivir. The demographic and clinical characteristics of admitted COVID-19 patients varied across the 'pre-delta', 'delta', and 'omicron' time periods. The median age at admission and in-hospital mortality was the highest during the omicron period. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Journal of Infectious Diseases is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

COVID-19 and Urban Futures: Impacts on Business Closures in Miami-Dade County

The COVID-19 pandemic altered the local economic geographies of many U.S. cities, and it remains unclear how long these changes will persist. This study analyzed the sociospatial dynamics of business closures in Miami-Dade County, Florida, from August 2020 to August 2021 with an explicit focus on reconciling the pandemic's effects in the context of location theory. We found that traditional urban centers and transit-concentrated areas experienced disproportionately higher rates of business closures during the study period, suggesting a potential wave of commercial suburbanization in Miami. Middle-class and working-class Hispanic neighborhoods suffered the most business closures. The results of correlation analysis and spatial regression models suggested a positive association between the incidence of COVID-19 cases and business closures at both zip code and individual business levels. These results also beckon a revaluation of the role of certain urban externalities in traditional location theory. The importance of automobile accessibility and agglomeration effects are poised to persist beyond the pandemic, but the benefits of proximity to the public transport system might decline. The trends observed in Miami suggest that the pandemic could generate more automobile-reliant employment subcenters in U.S. cities and amplify problems of intraurban inequality and urban sprawl. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] La pandemia del COVID-19 alteró las geografías económicas locales de muchas ciudades de los Estados Unidos, y aún no hay claridad por cuánto tiempo más persistirán estos cambios. Este estudio analizó la dinámica socioespacial del cierre de negocios en el Condado de Miami-Dade, Florida, de agosto del 2020 hasta agosto del 2021, centrándose explícitamente en reconciliar los efectos de la pandemia dentro del contexto de la teoría locacional. Descubrimos que los centros urbanos tradicionales y las áreas de tránsito concentrado experimentaron tasas desproporcionadamente más altas de cierres de negocios durante el período del estudio, lo cual sugiere una ola potencial de suburbanización comercial en Miami. Los vecindarios hispánicos de clase media y de la clase trabajadora sufrieron al máximo de cierres de negocios. Los resultados del análisis de los modelos de correlación y regresión espacial sugirieron una asociación positiva entre la incidencia de los casos de COVID-19 y los cierres de negocios, tanto al nivel de los códigos zip como de los negocios individuales. Estos resultados también invitan a la revaluación del papel de ciertas externalidades urbanas en la teoría locacional tradicional. La importancia de la accesibilidad al automóvil y los efectos de la aglomeración muestran disposición a persistir más allá de la pandemia, opero los beneficios de la proximidad del sistema de transporte público podría declinar. La tendencia observada en Miami sugiere que la pandemia podría generar más subcentros de empleo dependientes del automóvil en las ciudades americanas y ampliar los problemas de desigualdad intraurbana y la dispersión urbana. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] COVID-19疫情改变了美国许多城市的地方经济地理。目前, 尚不清楚这些变化会持续多久。本研究分析了2020年8月至2021年8月期间佛罗里达州迈阿密-戴德县商业倒闭的社会空间变化, 根据区位理论探讨了对疫情影响的缓解。我们发现, 在此期间, 传统的城市中心和交通密集地区经历了不成比例的更高的商业倒闭率, 这表明迈阿密可能会出现商业郊区化浪潮。西班牙裔中产阶级和工人阶级社区出现了最多的商业倒闭。相关性分析和空间回归模型结果表明, 在邮政编码尺度和个体尺度, COVID-19发病率与商业倒闭都存在着正相关性。这些结果也呼吁, 需要重新评估某些城市外部特性在传统区位理论中的作用。汽车可及性和聚集效应的重要性将会一直持续到疫情之后, 但公共交通系统的临近优势可能会下降。迈阿密的趋势表明, COVID-19可能会在美国城市产生更多依赖于汽车的就业分中心, 加剧城市内部不平等、城市扩张等问题。 (Chinese) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Annals of the American Association of Geographers is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Pneumococcal carriage among high-risk adults in a country with nonmandatory pneumococcal vaccination during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage is a prerequisite for clinical infections and is used to make public health decisions on vaccine licensure. Pneumococcal carriage data among high-risk Thai adults are needed before national vaccine program introduction. The association between coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pneumococcal carriage were also investigated. METHODS: During the COVID-19 pandemic, a multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted among high-risk Thai adults from September 2021 to November 2022. Pneumococcal carriage and serotypes were investigated using both conventional and molecular methods. Demographics and co-morbidities were determined for carriage while accounting for case clustering from various study sites. RESULTS: A total of 370 individuals were enrolled. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage, as determined by the molecular method, was 30.8 % (95 % confidence interval (CI): 26.1-35.8), while after excluding non-typeable pneumococci from the oropharyngeal sample, the carriage prevalence was 20.8 % (95 % CI: 16.79-25.31). The serotype coverage rates by pneumococcal vaccine were 12.3 %, 13.1 %, and 16.4 % for PCV13, PCV15 or PCV20, and PPSV23, respectively, while the non-vaccine type was the majority (45.1 %). The most common serotype was 19B/C (35.5 %), followed by 6 A/B/C/D (10.7 %). The age group under 65 years was associated with a higher pneumococcal carriage rate than the age group 85 and older (odds ratio (OR): 5.01, 95 % CI: 1.75-14.36). There was no significant difference between SARS-CoV-2 and carriage status. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage in Thais was high. The majority of serotypes were not covered by the vaccine. Further studies on the link between carriage serotypes and disease are required. The magnitude and serotype distribution of carriage were comparable in the SARS-CoV-2 positive and negative groups.

A Precarious Future: Reflections from a Survey of Early Career Researchers in Archaeology

This article presents the results of a 2021 international online survey of 419 early career researchers in archaeology. Respondents were passionate about pursuing an academic career, but pessimistic about job and career prospects. Statistics highlight specific obstacles, especially for women, from unstable employment to inequitable practices, and a chronic lack of support. Over 180 open-ended comments reveal worrying levels of workplace bullying and discrimination, particularly targeting women and minorities. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on early career researchers is also examined. The survey's findings are analysed and contextualized within the international higher education sector. A communal effort is necessary to create sustained change, but early career researchers remain hopeful that change can be implemented. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Cet article présente les résultats d'un sondage en ligne conduit en 2021 à échelle internationale, auquel 419 jeunes archéologues chercheurs ont répondu. Ils tiennent ardemment à poursuivre une carrière universitaire ou de chercheur mais sont pessimistes quant à leurs perspectives professionnelles. Les statistiques révèlent des obstacles spécifiques, affectant surtout les femmes, tels que les emplois à statut précaire, les pratiques inéquitables et un manque chronique de soutien. Plus de 180 commentaires libres exposent un niveau inquiétant d'intimidation et de discrimination en milieu professionnel visant particulièrement les femmes et les minorités. L'étude considère également les effets de la pandémie de COVID-19 sur les chercheurs en début de carrière. Les résultats du sondage, analysés dans le contexte de l'enseignement supérieur, indiquent qu'il faut un effort concerté pour produire un changement durable dans les conditions de travail des jeunes chercheurs. Ces derniers restent cependant optimistes quant aux chances de succès d'une telle initiative. Translation by Madeleine Hummler (French) [ FROM AUTHOR] Die Ergebnisse einer Umfrage, welche im Jahre 2021 auf internationaler Ebene 419 Nachwuchsforscher im Bereich der Archäologie befragt hat, zeigen, dass sie leidenschaftlich ihre wissenschaftliche Laufbahn verfolgen wollen, aber dass sie in Bezug auf berufliche Aussichten pessimistisch sind. Die Statistiken weisen auf bestimmte Hindernisse wie prekäre Arbeitsbedingungen, ungerechte Verfahren und mangelnde Unterstützung, besonders bei Frauen. Über 180 offene Kommentare offenbaren eine besorgniserregende Menge von Mobbing und Diskriminierungsfällen, vor allem an Frauen und Minderheiten gerichtet. Die Verfasser besprechen auch die Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Pandemie auf Nachwuchsforscher. Die Ergebnisse der Umfrage werden innerhalb des internationalen Hochschulwesens bewertet und kontextualisiert. Es ergibt sich, dass eine gemeinsame Leistung nötig ist, um die heutigen Verhältnisse nachhaltig zu ändern;die Nachwuchsforscher hoffen jedoch weiterhin, dass solche Veränderungen erfolgen können. Translation by Madeleine Hummler (German) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of European Journal of Archaeology is the property of Cambridge University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Annual Report of the Secretary-Treasurer

The article presents the annual report of the Southern Historical Association secretary-treasurer about the workings of the association amid the Covid-19 pandemic. Topics include the return of the association to in-person meeting in November 2022 after holding virtual meetings in 2020 and 2021 due to Covid, several innovations showcased at the 2022 meeting such as a mentoring match-up program, the association's support for history education, and its profit and loss from January-December 2022.

The symphony orchestra in the time of COVID-19: will American orchestras rise from the ashes?

The finances of performing arts organizations are sensitive to economic recessions. We use data from the "Great Recession" to provide a window into the problems that symphony orchestras will need to circumvent during and following the COVID-19 recession. We estimate that for every 1 percent increase in unemployment, attendance will decrease by 2.4 percent. With audiences who will be slow to return to concert halls, orchestras should expect years of diminished numbers of ticket buyers. Symphony orchestras will need to practice cost-cutting measures, while reinventing themselves through innovative programmes, including increased streaming platforms, in order to prosper post-COVID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Cultural Trends is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

E-Classroom Interactional Competencies: Mediating and Assisting Language Learning During Synchronous Online Lessons

Interaction is seen by many English language teachers and scholars as an essential part of face-to-face English language classrooms. Teachers require specific competencies to effectively use interaction as a tool for mediating and assisting learning. These can be referred to as classroom interactional competence (CIC). However, the situation created by the ongoing global COVID-19 pandemic which began in early 2020, and the recent advancement in technologies have led to teachers conducting synchronous online lessons through video-conferencing software. The online environment is distinctly different from the face-to-face classroom and teachers require new and additional skills to effectively utilise interaction online in real time. This exploratory study used an online mixed-method survey of 75 university level English language teachers who had engaged in synchronous online teaching due to COVID-19, to explore the competencies that teachers need to use interaction as a tool to mediate and assist language learning in synchronous online lessons. Teachers were found to require three competencies, in addition to their CIC – technological competencies, online environment management competencies, and online teacher interactional competencies – which together constitute e-CIC. The findings provide greater insights into the needs of teachers required to teach synchronously online and will be of interest to teachers and teacher educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of RELC Journal is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Optimization of sewage sampling for wastewater-based epidemiology through stochastic modeling

The proliferation of the SARS-CoV-2 global pandemic has brought to attention the need for epidemiological tools that can detect diseases in specific geographical areas through non-contact means. Such methods may protect those potentially infected by facilitating early quarantine policies to prevent the spread of the disease. Sampling of municipal wastewater has been studied as a plausible solution to detect pathogen spread, even from asymptomatic patients. However, many challenges exist in wastewater-based epidemiology such as identifying a representative sample for a population, determining the appropriate sample size, and establishing the right time and place for samples. In this work, a new approach to address these questions is assessed using stochastic modeling to represent wastewater sampling given a particular community of interest. Using estimates for various process parameters, inferences on the population infected are generated with Monte Carlo simulation output. A case study at the University of Oklahoma is examined to calibrate and evaluate the model output. Finally, extensions are provided for more efficient wastewater sampling campaigns in the future. This research provides greater insight into the effects of viral load, the percentage of the population infected, and sampling time on mean SARS-CoV-2 concentration through simulation. In doing so, an earlier warning of infection for a given population may be obtained and aid in reducing the spread of viruses. © 2023, The Author(s).

"COVID-19 is an Opportunity to Rediscover Ourselves": Reflections of a Novice EFL Teacher in Central America

This article presents a case study that examined the principles and practices of one novice English as a foreign language (EFL) teacher at a prominent English language institution in Central America. This qualitative study sought to contribute to the discussion of the perceived interdependent influences of EFL teachers' thoughts, identities, and behaviors through five stages of self-reflection in Farrell's framework for reflective practice. The EFL teacher engaged in conscious reflection to subject their beliefs to critical analysis and interpretation expressed through their philosophy, principles, theory, practice, and beyond practice. Overall, the findings confirm that reflections in all five stages are connected to several common themes, but simultaneously reveal a complex relationship between the teacher's stated principles and actual practice. The discussion explores potential reasons for convergence and divergence in teachers' beliefs and classroom actions, concluding that the results correlate with previous research in the field of language education and teacher reflection. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of RELC Journal is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Informal Labour Blues: Effects of Covid-19 and Beyond on Women Belonging to Backward Castes in Hyderabad, India

COVID-19 struck people all over the world, indiscriminately, altering human living conditions as we know it. It had disproportionate effects on those less fortunate, especially women in marginalized communities. This research delves into the short-term and potential long-term effects of COVID-19 on women belonging to backward castes engaged in informal labour work in the city of Hyderabad, state of Telangana, India. This in-depth ethnographic inquiry observed the research participants within their localities for over a year (2020-2021) and adopts an approach rooted in intersectionality and complexity. Semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews and participant observation were employed across a sample of 30 women participants. Findings indicate that the economic impact of the pandemic on informal labour is multifold where women' jobs are the household' only salvation. Participants reported receiving none to scattered benefits from governmental and non-governmental actors. As is the case in informal labour markets, lack of job security and safety nets skyrocketed participants' anxiety for a secure future. The gendered effects of the pandemic are observed through women' unfulfilled dietary needs and their increased household work. Domestic violence is prevalent in these communities. There is high trust in available COVID-19 vaccines. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society is the property of Journal of the Indian Anthropological Society and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Language Teaching during a Pandemic: A Case Study of Zoom Use by a Secondary ESL Teacher in Hong Kong

This article reports a case study of an English as a Second Language (ESL) teacher in Hong Kong who conducted lessons via Zoom during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study focused on the factors influencing her technology integration in synchronous online teaching mode. Using data from classroom recordings, stimulated-recall and semi-structured interviews, this study uncovered how Zoom functioned as a substitute for face-to-face lessons. The findings revealed that although there were fewer interactions between the teacher and her students, teaching in synchronous online mode provided the teacher with opportunities to utilize certain online features to augment methods of checking student understanding. The study identified the teacher's pedagogical beliefs, the context and professional development as factors that influenced the level of technology integration in her Zoom classes. The study concludes that embracing process-oriented pedagogies may be necessary for a higher level of technology integration among ESL teachers who have adequate professional development opportunities and school support. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of RELC Journal is the property of Sage Publications, Ltd. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Study on bioaerosol diffusion and deposition in a mobile BSL-4 laboratory based on air age analysis

Biosafety issues have aroused global concern, especially after the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Omicron strain of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused incalculable human and property losses. Laboratory-acquired infections (LAIs) caused by improper operations or accidents are frequently reported. Research is urgently needed for a mobile biosafety level-4 (BSL-4) laboratory with a high risk for exposure. Deposition characteristics and the spatial distribution of bioaerosols under two typical cases were studied in this paper. Based on the age of air and simulation of airflow pattern, a detailed analysis of infection risk and the distribution of bioaerosols was conducted. The deposition characteristics of particles on different surfaces were analyzed based on particle tracking technology. The results showed that the removal rate of bioaerosols was lower in the space area of the laboratory from 1.6 m above the ground. The distribution of high-risk areas is affected by the coupling of equipment layout and pollution sources, mainly located downstream of the main airflow in the laboratory, and the particle concentration was eight times that of the low-risk areas. More than half of bioaerosol particles are deposited on laboratory equipment and walls. The number of particles deposited on the wall was the largest, accounting for 25.02% of the total. The unit area deposition ratio of the experimental table was the highest, which was 6.14 %/m2. The main deposition area of each surface was determined, which could be of guiding significance to the determination of the key disinfection location of the mobile BSL-4 laboratory. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

Public opinions and knowledge about microorganisms

The microbiology should be a part of curricula;especially after epidemic COVID-19. The study reports the level of knowledge and opinions of Slovenian citizens about microorganisms. The target population of the online survey was Slovenian citizens older than 14 years. We collected 405 complete surveys, which structured with 47 knowledge items and 18 opinion items about microorganisms. We found a lack of knowledge among citizens and corresponding misconceptions about microorganisms. There were no statistically significant differences in citizens' knowledge by age and gender, but citizens with higher educational attainment had better knowledge scores. Participants equate the terms virus, bacteria and microorganisms, an error that can lead to misconceptions. We found that between 15.0 and 20.0% of citizens experience fear of microorganisms. Regarding gender, age and degree level, there were statistically significant differences in participants' opinions about microorganisms. 45.5% of the participants agreed that the topic of microorganisms is underrepresented in school. This is probably the reason why 44.2% of the participants are not interested in microbiology, although 74.6% are aware that knowledge about microorganisms is important and useful. It would be good to strengthen the content and ways of working in the education system, because in case of a pandemic like SARS-CoV-2 there would be more understanding of what we are dealing with and less fear of the ignorant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Research in Science & Technological Education is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The impacts of processes of digitalization on the reception of contemporary art in Turkey during Covid-19

During the Covid-19 pandemic, internet-based technologies have become a lifeline for artists, art professionals, and audiences. The widespread usage of digital formats and techniques in the production and presentation of artworks has made contemporary art practices more accessible and thus open to being experienced. On that point, we ask: How has contemporary art, which rapidly shifted to digital platforms soon after the outbreak of the pandemic, been received in light of these transformations? By means of an online survey (N = 627), we examined the art-viewing habits of contemporary art audiences in Turkey, exploring how they have changed in the course of the pandemic and how that shift has been reflected in their experiences. Our findings reveal that while audiences have been willing to engage with online art content, the virtual realm cannot and will not be able to replace the physical experience of going to art venues in person. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Cultural Trends is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Severe delta variant COVID-19 in a 28-week infant with response to corticosteroids and remdesivir: a case report

Background: In the context of a global COVID-19 pandemic, there have been a variety of reports about the impact of infection to the fetus and in the immediate newborn period. Many babies appear to have a mild clinical course, but there is limited data about preterm infants. Case Presentation: A 28 week male infant was delivered with signs of fetal distress, four days after maternal infection with COVID-19. At this time, the delta variant of the virus predominated. After an initial period of stability, the baby significantly deteriorated in the second week and intensive care was escalated approaching maximal therapy. Given the life-threatening severity of the clinical condition, an off-licence trial of remdesivir was started alongside dexamethasone. With this treatment, the patient made a significant improvement and recovered. Conclusion: This case shows the feasibility of using remdesivir in the very premature neonatal population and seems to have been well tolerated. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of European Journal of Medical Case Reports is the property of Discover STM Publishing Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Inclusive online community arts: COVID and beyond COVID

Inclusivity is an underlying principle of community arts, particularly for learning disabled and autistic people for whom the arts can create spaces of equity and inclusive participation. The Covid-19 pandemic required practitioners to find ways of replicating this sense of inclusivity through online delivery. This "digital turn" raised two recurring concerns. First, the accessibility and inclusivity of online activities;second, the quality of alternative digital provision. This paper examines these themes in the specific context of the Creative Doodle Book, which modelled inclusive online practice with learning disabled participants. Drawing on over 20 interviews with learning-disability focused community arts groups, the paper explores barriers to access, but also issues surrounding support and expectations. However, the focus is equally on the benefits once within an online "space", including new skills, widening networks, the development of inclusive capital and the opportunity to enable greater agency and self-advocacy both during Covid and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Cultural Trends is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Clinical characteristics of patients infected with novel coronavirus wild strain, Delta variant strain and Omicron variant strain in Quanzhou: A real‑world study

This study aimed to investigate the clinical features of patients infected with novel coronavirus wild strains, Delta variant strains and Omicron variant strains to provide a reference for early clinical diagnosis and prognostic assessment. The demographic, clinical symptoms and ancillary examination data of 47 patients with novel coronavirus wild type strain infection, 18 with Delta variant infection and 20 with Omicron variant infection admitted to the First Hospital of Quanzhou affiliated with Fujian Medical University were collected and analyzed. The novel coronavirus wild strain and Delta strain were the predominant clinical types;patients infected with the Omicron strain were mainly asymptomatic. Fever and fatigue were the main clinical manifestations in the wild strain and Delta strain groups, whereas dry cough, nasal congestion, sore throat and fever were common clinical manifestations in the Omicron strain group. The Delta strain and Omicron variant groups had fewer comorbidities than the wild-type strain group, but no significant reduction was observed in the negative conversion time of nucleic acids. Significant differences were found in the neutrophil count/lymphocyte count ratio, lymphocyte count, eosinophil count, red blood cell count, hemoglobin level, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, prothrombin time, international normalized ratio and plasma D-dimer, PH, PaO2, lactic acid and albumin levels among the three groups. Patients infected with the Omicron strain in Quanzhou presented with mild symptoms of the upper respiratory tract as the primary clinical manifestation and had few comorbidities and a good prognosis;however, the negative conversion time of the new coronavirus nucleic acid was still considerably long. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Experimental & Therapeutic Medicine is the property of Spandidos Publications UK Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

Genomic image representation of human coronavirus sequences for COVID-19 detection

Coronavirus (CoV) disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a severe pandemic affecting millions worldwide. Due to its rapid evolution, researchers have been working on developing diagnostic approaches to suppress its spread. This study presents an effective automated approach based on genomic image processing (GIP) techniques to rapidly detect COVID-19, among other human CoV diseases, with high acceptable accuracy. The GIP technique was applied as follows: first, genomic graphical mapping techniques were used to convert the genome sequences into genomic grayscale images. The frequency chaos game representation (FCGR) and single gray-level representation (SGLR) techniques were used in this investigation. Then, several statistical features were obtained from the images to train and test many classifiers, including the k-nearest neighbors (KNN). This study aimed to determine the efficacy of the FCGR (with different orders) and SGLR images for accurately detecting COVID-19, using a dataset containing both partial and complete genome sequences. The results recommended the fourth-order FCGR image as a proper genomic image for extracting statistical features and achieving accurate classification. Furthermore, the results showed that KNN achieved an overall accuracy of 99.39% in detecting COVID-19, among other human CoV diseases, with 99.48% precision, 99.31% sensitivity, 99.47% specificity, 0.99 F1-score, and 0.99 Matthew's correlation coefficient. © 2022 THE AUTHORS

Guillain-Barre syndrome in SARS CoV-2: Case series of uncommon neurological complication from tertiary care center, Bengaluru, South India

Coronavirus disease is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 virus. It predominantly affects respiratory system causing fever, cough, and breathlessness. But it can also affect central nervous system and peripheral nervous system. It is important that physicians keep a high index of suspicion for patients with neurologic symptoms following a recent or during COVID-19 infection. The low rate of initial diagnosis is alarming, as few of the percentage of patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome will develop respiratory muscle weakness requiring invasive ventilation. The ability to recognize the disease process could lead to life saving management. Furthermore, the initiation of therapy such as plasma exchange or intravenous immunoglobulin leads to an accelerated recovery time. [ FROM AUTHOR]